Go With Your Gut: The Role of Gut Health in Colon Cancer Prevention

Colorectal cancer, also known as colon cancer, is the third most common cancer diagnosed in the United States. “It takes place in the digestive system and can develop and grow without symptoms in most cases until more advanced stages, making early screening and lifestyle management especially important,” said Melissa Gott, D.O., Colon and Rectal Surgeon at Inspira Medical Group. 

A healthy lifestyle and a well-balanced diet are keys to fighting this disease. Understand the role of gut health in colorectal cancer prevention so you can take proactive steps to reduce your risk.

The gut health connection

The gut houses a vast and complex community of microorganisms collectively known as the gut microbiome. This microbiome plays a pivotal role in our overall health, and recent research has shown a connection between the composition of gut bacteria and the development of colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer is a malignancy that originates in the colon or rectum, which are part of the digestive system. It typically begins as benign polyps, but over time, these growths can turn cancerous. “Your gut bacteria normally protect your intestines, control inflammation and influence your body's ability to fight cancer,” said Dr. Gott. “A balanced gut microbiome supports a healthy colon by ensuring proper digestion and nutrient absorption and defending against harmful substances. But an imbalanced microbiome can contribute to chronic inflammation, which can damage your colon cells and put you at risk of developing cancer.”

Maintaining a healthy gut microbiome

Because of the significant role the gut microbiome plays in colorectal cancer prevention, supporting your gut health through healthy lifestyle habits and dietary choices is essential. Here are some key strategies:

1. Fiber-rich foods: Fiber is fundamental for a colon-healthy diet as it promotes regular bowel movements and nourishes beneficial gut bacteria. Whole grains, legumes, fruits and vegetables rich in fiber should be part of your balanced diet.
2. Probiotics: These live bacteria enhance the diversity and balance of the gut microbiome. Find probiotics in fermented foods like yogurt, kefir, sauerkraut and kimchi. Consult your doctor before adding probiotics to your diet.
3. Limit red and processed meats: Excessive consumption of processed meats has been linked to an increased risk of colorectal cancer. While elimination is not always necessary, reducing your intake and choosing lean protein sources is advisable.
4. Stay hydrated: Drinking enough water is essential for proper gastrointestinal (GI) tract functioning and preventing constipation.
5. Regular physical activity: Exercise aids in regulating digestion, reducing inflammation and supporting overall health, which, in turn, sustains a healthy gut.
6. Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol: Both are associated with an elevated risk of colorectal cancer. Quitting smoking and moderating alcohol intake are vital steps to reduce this risk.

Consult your doctor

“Before making significant dietary changes, consult your health care provider,” said Dr. Gott. “They can help determine the most suitable dietary adjustments for you and help you develop a holistic plan to support your health.”

While maintaining a healthy gut is a significant step in colorectal cancer prevention, it's not the only one. Starting at age 45, regular screenings, such as colonoscopies and stool tests, are vital for early detection and treatment. Talk to your doctor about screening earlier if you’re at risk.

Inspira Health’s compassionate team of specialists provides personalized care, diagnostics and screening services for colorectal cancer. Learn more about our approach or request an appointment today.