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Read MorePeripheral aneurysms occur when an artery outside the chest or abdomen, such as in the legs or arms, develops a weakened, bulging section. While some cause no symptoms, others can lead to pain, swelling or serious complications if left untreated.
What Is a Peripheral Aneurysm?
A peripheral aneurysm is a bulge or balloon in the wall of an artery outside of the chest or abdomen, most commonly in the legs or arms. It happens when a portion of the arterial wall weakens, allowing pressure from blood flow to stretch the vessel outward. While some aneurysms remain stable and asymptomatic, others may grow over time, increasing the risk of clot formation, reduced or blocked blood flow (limb ischemia) or rupture.
Types of Peripheral Aneurysms
There are several types of peripheral aneurysms, categorized by their location:
- Popliteal aneurysm: The most common type, found behind the knee, which may cause leg pain or swelling and carries a risk of clotting
- Femoral aneurysm: Found in the thigh near the groin, may present as a pulsating mass and increases the risk of embolism
- Carotid aneurysm: Occurs in the neck and can lead to neurological symptoms or stroke if left untreated
- Subclavian aneurysm: Located beneath the collarbone and may cause arm symptoms or compress nearby structures
- Brachial aneurysm: A less common type found in the upper arm that can affect blood flow to the hand
Peripheral Aneurysms Risk Factors
Peripheral aneurysms can develop due to a combination of factors that weaken arterial walls over time. Common causes and risk factors include atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), high blood pressure, trauma or injury, smoking, connective tissue disorders and a family history of aneurysms. Early detection through imaging and monitoring is key to managing the condition and reducing the risk of serious complications.
What Are the Symptoms of a Peripheral Aneurysm?
Peripheral aneurysms don’t always cause symptoms, but when they do, they can vary depending on the location and size of the aneurysm. Common symptoms may include:
- A pulsating lump or mass near the affected artery, often behind the knee or in the groin
- Pain or aching in the limb, especially with activity
- Swelling in the arm or leg
- Numbness, tingling or weakness in the limb
- Coldness or discoloration of the foot, hand or fingers
- Leg cramping or fatigue during exercise
- Sudden pain or loss of function, which may signal a blocked artery or limb ischemia
How is a Peripheral Aneurysm Diagnosed?
Peripheral aneurysms are diagnosed through a physical exam and imaging tests. Your doctor may check for a noticeable pulse or signs of reduced blood flow in your limbs. Ultrasound is often the first imaging step, providing a detailed look at artery structure and blood flow. For more detailed assessment, your care team may order a CT or MR angiogram to help plan treatment and assess risks. In some instances, an invasive testing such as an Angiogram may be necessary.
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Peripheral Aneurysm Treatment Options
Watchful Waiting and Monitoring
Small, asymptomatic aneurysms may only need regular checkups and imaging to track growth and monitor changes over time.
Medication Management
Medications like blood thinners or antiplatelet medications can help reduce the risk of clot formation and improve circulation.
Lifestyle Modifications
Quitting smoking, managing blood pressure and addressing high cholesterol can help slow aneurysm progression and improve overall vascular health.
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Endovascular Repair
A minimally invasive procedure where a stent graft is inserted through a catheter to reinforce the weakened artery from the inside.
Open Surgical Repair
In more complex cases, the affected artery section may be surgically removed and replaced with a graft to restore normal blood flow.
Inspira’s Approach to Peripheral Aneurysm Treatment
At Inspira, we provide expert care for peripheral aneurysms using a collaborative team of vascular specialists, radiologists, primary care providers, cardiovascular surgeons and more. Our streamlined process ensures you get advanced imaging, accurate diagnosis and the most effective treatment options available. With locations across South Jersey, we make care convenient and accessible, focusing on minimally invasive techniques whenever possible. From your first visit to your recovery, we guide you every step with a personalized treatment plan designed for the best outcomes.
